Glass-forming machine.



F. ONEILL.

GLASS FORMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6. I914.

1,217,102. Patented Feb. 20,1917;

8 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOR (9 WITNESSES F. ONEILL.

. A GLASS FORMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6. 1914. v 1,217,102. Patented Feb. 20,1917.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES .INVENTOR F. O'NEILL.

'GLASS FORMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-6; I914- Patented Feb. 20,1917.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. ONEILL.

GLA S S FO RMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-6.1914.

1 217102. Patented Feb. 20, 1917;

s SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESS ES at. w

F. ONEILL. 7 GLASS FORMING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED m6. m4.

1 1 7, 1 02 Patented Feb. 20, 1 917.

a SHEETS-SHEET 5.

F 6 J4. as as F. ONEILL.

GL ASS FORMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6. I914 I 1 2rZ102. rmmmdmm2mmw.

a SHEETS-SHEET s.

Q v INVENTOR o 65 nuvw%;mww g 8 u WITNESSES F. ONEILL. GLASS FORMINGMACHINE. APPLICATION Fl LED was. 1914.

1,217,102. Patented Feb. 20,1917.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

FIG.34. 30 7-16.35, A WITNESSES ifi fin W N mvzn'ron of "II IIIIII V g29 47% I x F. O'NEILL.

GLASS FORMING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.6, 191-4.

1 ,217 102. Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

FRANK 'ONEILL, or TOLEDO, oHIo.

GLASS-FORMING- MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1am.

Application filed August 6, 1914. Serial No. 855,362.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK ONEILL, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Glass-Forming Machines,of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved machine wherein ablank for blowing is formed after depositing a quota of glass in a blankmold, the mechanism operating first to automatically sever the glassfrom the punty rod or gathering iron and then to advance the mold toposition for forming the blank, the blank-forming operation proceedingautomatically. During the advancing movement of the blank mold support,the mold containing the blank formed by the preceding operation isautomatically opened so that the blank therein may be removed to a blowmold, and at another point on the blank mold carrier the automaticmechanism operatesto close the blank mold in readiness to receiveacharge of glass when such mold takes its turn in repeating the cycle ofblank-forming dperations.

A blow mold carrier is actuated in conjunction with the blank moldcarrier, being geared thereto for synchronizing the movements, wherebythe movement of successive blow molds to and from blowing position isaccurately timed. A further result of gearing together the blank andblow mold carriers is that whena blank mold is in proper position todeliver ablank, a blow mold Eat the same time in proper position toreceive such blank. To facilitate the operation and minimize the manuallabor incident to transferring the blanks, the blank and blow moldsinvolved in each transferring operation are so positioned by theirrespective carriers that both are within convenient reach of the stationoccupied by the transfer boy. On the other hand, these molds must not beso close together as to impede the transfer operation, the-latterrequiring sufiicient space to enable the operator to convenientlyreverse the blank while transferring it, this being necessary as theblank is in invertedposition in the blank mold, while in the neck moldits neck end is uppermost. In the apparatus of the present invention thespace at the side of the machine necessary for the most effective workby the transfer boy is secured by spacing apart the blank and blow moldcarriers and connecting them by suitable interposed gearing. Thisresults in rotating each carrier in the desired direction, andin soplacing the blank and blow molds that from his station at the side'ofthe machine both the a restricted area that its effect is substan-vtially the same as from a single large mass of iron even though in factit is produced by two separate and distinct molds. By sepa-- rating themolds .as herein proposed there is opportunity for the heat to becomedissipated; also with the molds thus separated it is unnecessary for theoperator tov expose mold projections as is unavoidably the case when themolds which he is manipulating are close to each other. And a furthercharacteristic of the machine is the automatic controlling and timing ofthe. so-called blow; ing heads for the blank and blow molds, the blankmold head operating to close such mold for the glasspacking andblank-expanding operations, and the head for the blow mold controllingthe flow of air for blowing the blank into final form. All of I theautomatic operations are-performed by his hands and arms to the hotmolds and I' compressed air, the several air circuits being so arrangedas not to be interfered with by the intermittent rotary movement of themold carriers.

In the adaptation of the machine here illustrated the blank and blowmold carriers arefeach adapted to accommodate five molds which,respectively, are successively presented for the cycles of operationsincident to form: ing the blanks and to blowing them. It w1ll beunderstood, however, that the number of molds may be increased ordiminished without departing from the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2are sideelevationsof themachine taken,.respectively, at opposite. sld'es thereof,

many ofthe air circulating pipes sevl eral of the molds being omitted.Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine. Fig. 4 1s a vertical section ofthe blank-forming portion of the machine, taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3,and Fig. 5 is a similar section, drawn to a larger scale, illustratingthe positions of the parts during the operation of expanding a blank inthe blank mold. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan taken on the irregular line6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig, 7 is a sectional detail of the punty-operated valve,together with one of the oscillating valves in communication therewith,and Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of the punty valve, taken on line8-8 of Fig. 7 Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are sectional views of the oscillatingvalve illustrated in Fig. 7, the section of Fig; 9

being indicated by line 9-9 of Fig. 7, and

.13 is a top plan of the same.

the sections of Figs. 10 and 11 by the lines 10-10, and 11-11,respectively, of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a sectional detail of theoscillating valve which controls the passage of air to the plungeroperating cylinder, and Fig. Figs. 14, 15 and 16 are sections of thevalve illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13, Fig. 14 being taken on line 14-14of Fig. 13, and Figs. 15 and 16 on lines 15-15 and 16-16, respectively,of Fig. 14. Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation of the timing tank whichcontrols the flow of air through the valve illustrated in Figs.

.12 to 16, inclusive, to the plunger-operating cylinder. Fig. 18 is asectional plan of the two so-called butterfly valves which are actuatedby the mold-table oscillating mechanism, the plane of section beingindicated by line 18-18 of Fig. 1. Figs. 19 and 20 are cross-sections ofthe valves of Fig. 18, taken on lines 19-19 and 20-20, respectively, ofFig. 18. Fig. 21 is a section taken on line 21-21 of Fig. 22 of thevalve which primarily controls the flow of air to the mechanism foradvancing the mold tables, and Fig. 22 is a cross-section of the same,taken on line 22-22 of Fig. 21. Figs. 23, 24, 25 and 26 are sectionaldetails of the oscillating valve which determines the duration of theflow of compressed air for packing the glass in the blank mold, Fig. 23being a longitudinalsection of said valve, and Figs. 24, 25 and 26cross-sections thereof, taken on lines 24-24, 25-25 and 26-26,respectively, of Fig. 23. Figs. 27 28, 29 and 30 are sectional detailsof the oscillating valve for controlling the vertical movement of theblow heads of the blank-formingand blankblowing portions of the machine,Fig. 27 being a longitudinal section of the same, and Figs. 28, 29 and30 being cross-sections,

' taken on lines 28-28, 29-29 and 30-30 of Fig; 27 Fig. 31 is a planview partly in section of the mechanism for opening and closing theblank molds. Fig. 32 is a vertical section, taken on line 32-32 of Fig.31. Fig. 33 is a sectional detail of the check valve interposed in theair supply leading to the actuating cylinder of the mold-tableoscillating mechanism. Fig. 34 is a sectional detail of thetreadle-operated valve for controlling the opening and closing of theblank molds, and Fig. 35 is asimilar view of the treadle-operated valvefor effecting the closing of the blow molds. Fig. 36 is a detail of theportable hand-operated neck mold support and carrier. Fig. 37 is adiagrammatic view of the machine, the lower half of the view indicatingthe parts of the machine that are beneath the parts shown in the upperhalf of the view, being in effect a projection of the latter. In thisdiagram, when the mold carriers are at rest those portions of the aircircuits indicated by solid lines are under air pressure and thoseportions indicated" by broken lines are witha cycle of operations. Theparts illustratedin Fig. 5' show their positions during the operation ofexpanding a blank within a blank mold.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates the blank mold carrier or tablewhich is adapted to rotate about the upright hollow post or column 3,being rotatably supported by hub 4 which in turn is rotatable aboutcolumn 3, all as shown in Fig. 4. 5 is a similar post or column aboutwhich rotates the blow mold carrier or table 6 which may besupportedfrom beneath at blowing position E by post 6. The peripheriesof tables 2 and 6 are formed with gear teeth and are geared together bypinion 7 which may be supported by post 8 whereby the carriers arecaused to move in unison in response to the intermittent advancingmovements imparted to carrier 2 by the mechanism presently to bedescribed. Also, with the carriers separated by wheel. 7 they are sospaced apart that the active blank mold at position C and the activeblow mold at position D, Fig. 3, are in such relation to each other andto the station of the transfer boy at the side of the machine as to bewithin convenient reach, and at the same time afi'ord ample space forremoving the blank from the blank mold, and for inverting it beforeplacing it in the blow mold. Also, with the carriers thus separated themolds at positions C and D are so spaced apart as to afford opportunityfor the heat radiated therefrom to be dissipated instead of the boybeing subjected to the heat en masse as would be the case if the activemolds were mounted on carriers that were immediately geared together.

Furthermore with the molds separated as described it is unnecessary forthe boy to exable if the molds were in close relation to each other.

Blank molds and blow mold opening and closing mechanism.--Each of thesectional or two-part blank molds 9 is mounted to open and close on abase plate 10 secured to carrier 2, Fig. 5, the mold sections swingingon hinge pin 11 and at their lower ends recessed to embrace boss 12 onplate 10, the boss, plate, and carrier 2 apertured vertically toaccommodate the nipple and plunger mechanism presently to be described.The lower portions of mold sections 9 are also recessed at 13 to embracethe neck mold 14. The upper end of the blank mold is countersunk toreceive the combined blowing head and mold closure 15. The registeringcavities of molds 9'and 14 combine to provide acavity' of proper sizeand shape for a glass bottle blank, neck mold 14 imparting final shapeto the neck end of the blank, and also serving as a support or carrierfor transferring the blafhk from a blank mold to a blow-mold, as willpresently be described. The sectional blank mold is shown in detail inFig. 36 in connection with its handleforming arms 16 which are pivotedtogether in scissors fashion with an interposed spring 17 operating tohold the mold closed but being readily compressed by hand pressure toopen the mold and release it from the neck of the bottle following theblowing operation.

For opening and closing the blank molds the halves of each mold areconnected by links 20, Figs. 1 to 4 and 31, with a bar 21 which carriesthe upstanding roller knob 22, the latter being adapted to be embracedby the cam lip 23 depending from win 24 of cam plate 25, the latterbeing adapted to oscillate about column 3, being actuated by piston 26and cylinder 27 which is, supported on the column by bracket 28, Figs.1- and 2. The oscillating plate 25 is circular excepting for the flatportion 25' against which. knob 22 is drawn by cam lip 23 when openingthe mold and which operates to project bar 21 and its knob outwardly forclosing the-mold when released from lip 23. Air is admitted to andexhausted from the outer and inner ends of cylinder 27 through pipes 29and 30,

- respectively, the flow of air being controlled as will presently bedescribed. After each mold has been advanced from the blankformingposition B, Fig. 3, to position C, the admission of air through pipe 29to the outer end of cylinder 27 operates to turn cam plate 25 and wing24 into the positions shown in Figs. 31 and 37, thereby opening themold. This flow of air is controlled manually and not automatically by atreadle-operated valve 31 as will presently be described. It will beunderstood, however, that theintermittent rotations of carrier 2 movethe blank centric peripheral portion of said plate holds the mold closedthroughout its next blank-forming cycle.

Glass cut-07f meckan-ism.At position A, Figs. 3 and 37, a closed blankmold 9 is presented to receive aproper quota of glass which is depositedtherein from a punty or gathering iron, not shown, the latter beingrested in notch 35 in the stem of valve 35, Figs. 3 and 8. In the moldcharging position A the mold is immediately beneath a shears 36, thearms of which are pivoted to a bracket 37 on column 3. The shears areopened and closed by means of a cylinder 38 which is also supported bybracket 37, piston rod 39 of the cylinder being connected tothe sheararms by links 40 for closing and opening the shears upon the inward andoutward movements of rod 39, as will be understood. The flow of air tocylinder 38 is controlled by the oscillating valve '41, air being passedfrom this valve to the inner end of the cylinder through pipe 42 and toits outer end through pipe 43, Fig. 37. Nor mally, compressed air isincommunication with the inner end of the cylinder and the shears areheld in open position. But at the instant the glass is to be severed, i.6., when the operator sees that justthe right amount has passed beneaththe plane of the shears, he moves the punty rod in a direction to openvalve 35 and establish communication between the compressed air pipe 44and pipe 45, the latter leading from valve 35 to valve 41. This flow ofair raises piston 46, Fig. 7, and oscillates valve 41 in the reverseposition from that shown in Figs. 7, 9, 10 and 11, thereby admitting airfrom compressed air line 47 through pipe 43 to the outer end of cylinder38 and at the same time causing pipe 42 to exhaust through valve 41,whereupon piston rod 39 is projected for closing the shears and severingthe glass. Valve 35 closes automatically when relieved of pressure fromthe gathering iron, thereby again disconnecting pipe 45 from thecompressed ;air main 44, but in the meantime the described operation ofvalve 41 has resulted in a flow of air which causes carrier or table 2toadvance the freshly charged mold from the charging position A to theblank forming position B. Themechanism for accomraised bolt 51 which isadapted to enter successively a circular series of apertures 52 in thecarrier, Fig. 4. A link 53 connects an arm 4' of hub 4 with a head 54carried by the piston rod 55, Fig. 6. Piston 56 at,

one end of this rod operates in the power cyllnder 57, and piston 58 atits opposite end is confined in the compression cylinder 59. The normalor starting position of the mechanism is as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, withhub 4 and carrier 2 locked together by bolt 51 and with piston 56 at theouter end I in Figs. 21 and 22. This oscillation of valve 64'establishes communication between compressed air main 47 and pipe 65,and as one branch 66 of this pipe leads to the outer end of cylinder 57air is admitted to effect the forward traverse of rod 55. linterposed inpipe 66 is the check valve 67, Fig. 33, which fully opens for theadmission of air but which is adapted to settle into the nearly closedposition ,of Fig. 33 upon the backward traverse of rod 55 and piston56,thereby graduating the exhaust and cushioning the return movement.The check valve may be adjusted by a set screw 68 for either increasingor decreasing the exhaust flow as may be desired. A- vertically movablelock bolt 69 coiiperates with aperture 52, Fig. 4, of carrier 2, beinglowered out of engagement with the carrier by the depression of arm 63to which the bolt is connected, Fig. 4, and the raising of piston 62.elevates the bolt into locking position, thereby holding carrier 2immovable during the charging and blank-forming operations at positionsA and B. Y

A branch 70 of pipe 65 extends to the lower end of cylinder 71, Figs. 2,4 and 37,

- and the piston rod 72 of this cylinder cariries the forked clutch head73 which is adapted to be raised into the path of the headed lowerextremity 51 .of bolt 51, with the result that the bolt head is movedinto embracing engagement. with the clutch when the carrier hascompleted a forward movement imparted thereto by' piston rod 55, and thesubsequent lowering of clutch 73 depresses bolt 51, thereby disengaginghub arm 50 from carrier 2 so that thehub may be free to oscillate in areverse direction when piston rod 55 is retracted, thereby placing bolt51 in position to snap into another carrier aperture 52 and.- therebyobtain a fresh hold on the carrier which in the meantime has been heldlocked .by bolt 69.

The forward traverse of piston rod-55 oscillates, successively, thebutterfly valve 61 and the butterfly valve 75, Figs. 6, 18, 19,

20, and 37, the forked stems of these valves being engaged by lug 76depending from head 54, Figs. 1 and 18. A. third valve 77 is alsoactuated by piston rod 55, the forked stem of this valve being engagedby a pin 78 projecting from head 54, Figs. 1, 6 and 37. The functions ofthese three valves'are, in the main, in connection with operating pIartsthat have not as yet been described.

owever, in the present connection it may be noted that when valve 75moves from the position shown in Fig. 37 by the forward movement ofpiston rod 55, air under pressure is admitted from pressure line 47through pipe 79 to piston 46 of valve 41, Fig. 7 thereby restoring saidvalve to the position shown in Figs. 7, 9 and 11 and cutting ofl thesupply of air from the outer end of cylinder 38 and admitting air to itsinner end through pipe 42,'thereby opening the shearsas in Fig. 37.Also, with valve 75 thrown from the position shown in Fig.

valve 64 to the position shown in Fig. 37,

and this results in passing compressed air through branch 81 of pipe 48to the inner end of cylinder 57, and by the same movement placing theouter end-bf said cylinder in communication with the exhaust throughcheck valve 67 and pipe 66, the position shown in Fig. 37. Piston rod 55is thereupon retracted and its backward traverse restores valves 75, 61and 77 to the positions shown in Figs. 6, 18 and 37. And the restoringof valve 64 to normal position again admits compressed air through pipe48 to the upper end of clutch cylinder 71 which results in depressingthe clutch and lowering bolt 51 so that hub 4 is free to oscillatebackwardly with rod 55 and-piston 56 into starting position.

Blank mold closure a/rwl glass packing meana-These mechanisms, locatedat position B, Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 37, operate to close each charged moldwhen it 18 advanced from charging position A and to admit air pressurethrough the top into the upper portion of the mold for packing the glasstherein, and the sequence of operations is such that the mold is closedand the glass packed before the co'iiperating nipple and the plunger areoperated at the bottom of the mold.

The cap-like mold closure 15 is movabletion of the valve from that shownin said neck to raise and unseat the ball valve 107 in head 102, therebyestablishing communi cation between'the tubular closure and the hollowstem 103. At the under side of the closure 15 is the normallyopen-upwardly closing check valve 108, all as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. r

Carried by bracket 106 is the bar109, and

' supported by opposite ends of this bar are the oscillating valves 110and 120, valve 110 being shown in detail in Figs. 27 to 30, in-

. elusive, and valve 120 in detail in Figs-23 to 26, inclusive, theseseveral' views indicating the normal positions of the respective valveswhen the machine is ready to start a cycle of operations, as in Fig. 37.Valve 110 is connected to compressed air main 47,

Fig. 37, and normally said valve maintains,

pipe 114 to the other piston 113 of valve 110 having been shut off bybutterfly valve 61, the latter having been reversed from the positionshown in Fig. 37 by the forward movement of the piston rod 55 justpreceding the above described reversal of valve 75. This oscillation ofvalve 110 shuts off the air from pipe 111 and establishes communicationbetween main 47 and one branch of pipe 115 leading to the top ofcylinder 105, with the result that .cap 15 is lowered, the blank mold isclosed and communication established with tubular stem 103 by theopening of ball valve 107. Stem 103 is normally in communication withmain 47 through branch 116, valve 120, and pipe 123, so that as soon asball valve 107 is unseated air is admitted to the mold pastcheck valve108 for packing the glass therein preparatory to the nipple and plungeroperations at the bottom of the mold, presently to be described.

Simultaneously with the admission of air through valve 110 and pipe 115for lower- 'ing mold closure 15, air is also admitted through pipe 117to what 1 term a timing tank 118, and as soon as sufficient pressureaccumulates in tank 118 air passes therefrom through the pressure valve119 and pipe 121 to piston 122 of valve 120, Fig. 24, raising saidpistonand reversing the positime after the closure 15 has been seated,

the duration of flow of the glass packing air being determined by thefilling of tank 118 and by the adjustment of pressure valve 119. It willof course be understood that the opening pressure of valve 119 at itsmaximum is not greater than the pressure maintained in main 47. Theabove described reversal of valve 120 closes communication between pipe123 and branch 116 of main 47, and at the same instant openscommunication between branch 116 and pipe 124 through which air isconducted for operating th nipple and plunger, as will presently bedescribed. Valve 120 is restored to the normal position shown in Figs.24 and 37 by air being admitted to piston 122 through pipe 111, thisfollowing the restoration to normal position of valve 110. Also, thereadmission of air to. pipe 111 results in the passage of air throughbranch 111 to the bottom of cylinder 105, thereby raising closure 15clear of the mold so that the latter may advance to position C.

Elan]: forming mechanism.-This mecha nism' consists of the means,located beneath the blank mold for shaping the blank after .the glasshasbeen packed, and includes a nipple for shaping the edge extremity ofthe blank neck; a plunger for forming an initial depression in theblank; and means for expanding the blank within the blank mold.

Beneath each blank mold, carrier 2 is equipped with a housin 125 mostclearly seen in Figs. 4 and 5, an movable vertically therein is thesleeve-like cylinder'126, from the lower portion of which projectsannular flange 127. Projecting upwardly from sleeve 126 is the tubularnipple 128 which fits the vertical central aperture in boss 12 of moldbase 10, the nipple and its supporting sleeve being held normally raisedby coiled spring 129. A plunger 130 is movable vertically through thenipple and casing 126, being held normally depressed by the coiledspring 131 located within spring 129. port 132 opens through the outerface of housing 125 and extends upwardly through the carrier and plate10 to the nipple-confining passage. A lateral port 133 in the nipple isadapted to establish communication normally raised and closing thiscommunication as in Fig. 4. When thus raised the nipple is seatedagainstthe neck mold andis in position to accurately shape the lip of thebottle when the glass is packed in the mold as above described. Thelowering of the nipple to the position shown in Fig. 5 precedes theraising of plunger 130 to the dotted line position of Fig. 5 forvforming the initial cavity in the glass, and also precedes theadmission of air to port 132 for expanding the blank. i

The normally depressed plunger 130 is adapted to be raised momentarlly,as in dotted. lines in Fig. 5, by the normally depressed lifting head134 above which the plunger is brought into vertical alinement by itsmovement along with the blank mold from position A to position 13. Head134 is secured to the upper end of piston rod 135, piston 1.36 thereofbeing movable in Figs. 12 to 16 and 37 will be presently described.

As above noted, the upper extremity of nipple 128 forms the lip edge ofth blank, and it is desirable to have the nipple retracted from theposition shown in Fig. 4

to that of Fig. 5, and hence out of contact with. the glass when theplunger is pro--' jected thereinto, thereby preventing the plunger fromdragging the extremity of the glass and distorting the lip edge as itwould do if the nipple were in raised position. When a charged moldmoves to position B, sleeve flange 127 is positioned beneath arm 141 ofrock-shaft 142, the other arm 141 of the shaft being connected to.piston 143 of cylinder 144, and air is admitted to the lower end of thiscylinder through pipe 124 from valve 120 as heretofore described,.

thereby raising piston 143 and depressing the nipple to the positionshown in Fig. 5. Air is admitted to the top of cylinder 144 through pipe145 for depressing the piston and restoring arm 141 to raised positionin readiness forthe next operation, and also releasing nipple 128 sothatit may respond to the upward pressure of spring 129.

Air from pipe 124 is utilized for raising plunger 130, but its passageto the bottom of cylinder 137 is delayed momentarily so that the nipplemay be depressed in advance of raising the plunger. This delay isaccomplished by the timing valve 146, Figs. 17 and 37 which isinterposed in pipe'147 leading from pipe 124 to valve 140, the air beingad- 'mitted to the bottom of valve 146 and its passage to valve 140delayed until pressure of the inflowing air raises the floatingpistablishing communication between pipe 147 and pipe 139 leading to thebottom of cylinder 137, so that after the air has obtained a clearpassage through timing valve 146 and valve 140 it flows to the lower endof cylinder 137 and elevates plunger 130, as in dotted lines in Fig. 5.A branch 1.50 of pipe 124 extends to piston 149 of valve 140, Fig. 12,and when this piston is raised it oscillates the valve back to normalposition, closing the above described communication between pipes 147and 139. The flow of air through pipe 150 is controlled by the slidevalve 151,'Figs. 4 and 5, which is secured to and hence raises andlowers with the plunger-actuating piston 136, with the result that whensaid piston and the slide valve have been elevated as in dotted lines inFig. 5, port 151 opens pipe 150 and immediately the valve shiftingpiston 149 is raised and valve 140 restored to normal position, cuttingoff the supply of air through pipe 139 to the lower end of cylinder 137and admitting air to pipe 138 through the upper end of said cylinder,thereby immediately depressing the plunger.

Blank expanding mechanism.After the plunger has been operated as abovedescribed to form the initial depression in the glass, and with thenipple in lowered position as in Fig. 5, air is admitted through ports132 and 133 to the bore of nipple 128 and thence to the plunger-formedcavity for expanding the glass within the blank mold as in Fig. 5, andthe air controlling mechanism for accomplishing thisexpansion will nowbe described? Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, at po sition B the outer endof port 132 is in alinement with the ported nipple 155 which has aslight longitudinal movement in head 156, the latter being secured torod 157 of piston 157 movable in cylinder 158. Air is admitted to theouter end-of this cylinder through pipe 159 for advancing piston 157 andhead 156 and pressing nipple 155 into engagement with the outer edge ofhousing 125, Fig. 5, thereby establishing closed communication betweennipple 155 and port 132. This advancing movement retracts the nipple 155against spring 161 and unseats ball valve 162 so that blank-expandingair may flow from pipe 163, connected to head 156, through port '132 andinto the blank for expanding the latter. Pi e 163 leads from thecompressed air main 4 Fig. 37. For adsition from that shown in Fig. 37Air for retracting piston 157 and thereby closing ball valve 162 isadmitted to cylinder 158 through pipe 160. Pipe 160. extends throughvalve 77 to the inner end of the carrier actuating cylinder 57, Fig. 37,and is'closed only when said valve is in the reverse position Imeoham'sm.The

from that shown in Fig. 37 Hence it will be seen that ball valve 162 isopen only momentarily for the passage of air from pipe 163.

Blow molds and blow mold operating several sectional blow molds 170 aremounted on the blow mold carrier 6, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 37. A blank isremoved from an open blank mold at position C, the neck mold beingmanually lifted and the blank inverted before inserting the blank in ablow mold at position D. The blow mold is then closed and carries theblank to position E where the bottle is fully blown, and from thence toposition F where the mold is opened by hand and the blown bottleremoved. The mechanism for operating the blow molds is much the same asthe above described mechanism for operating the blank molds, exceptingthat the latter are opened by air pressure, whereas the blow molds areopened by hand. The sections of each blow mold are connected by links171 with a bar 172 carrying a roller 173 which engages the edge of camplate 174, the latter being rotatable about column 5, a cylinder 175being supported on said column by bracket 17 5 and having its piston 176connected to plate 17 4. 1

When the mold carriers are at. rest they are in the position shown inFig. 3 with the blank mold closed at position C and with the blow moldopen at position D, and with pistons 26and 176 at the outer ends oftheir respective cylinders. The operator then depresses treadle valve 31thereby closing communication to pipe 30 and opening communicationbetween main 47 and pipe 29 leading to the outer end of cylinder 27.This results in moving piston 26 and the blank mold cam plate 25 intothe position shown in Fig. 37, thereby opening the blank mold throughthe medium of wing 24, as

heretofore described. The operator then removes the blank by means ofthe portable neck mold, Fig. 36, inverts the blank to place its neck enduppermost, and positions it in the partially open blow mold which is inreadiness to receive it at position D. Immediately upon placing theblank in the blow mold the operator depresses treadle valve 177, Figs.35 and 37, thereby admitting compressed air from main '47 through pipe178 to the outer'end of the cylinder 17 5, with the result that the blowmold cam plate 174 is moved to the position shown in Fig. 37, and theblow mold at position D is closed around the blank so that the latter isin readiness for blowing upon the next intermittent rotation of carrier6 which moves it from position D to position E. With cam plate 174operated as described, it serves to close the blow mold at position Dimmediately upon placing the blank therein, thereby maintaining theglass in proper condition for the final blowing operation when itreaches position E. The rotation of cam plate v17 4 accomplished by theoutward stroke of piston 176 has no effect on the mold I blown bottle.

Pipe 30 leads from treadle valve 31, Figs. 34 and 37, to the inner end"of cylinder 27 for actuating the blow mold cam plate 25 as abovedescribed. A branch 30 of this pipe 30' extends to the inner end ofcylinder 175 for operating the blow mold cam plate 174. Pipe 30' isnormally open throughvalve 31, as in Fig. 37 ,so that when valve 64 isoperated by the lowering of swinging arm 63, air then admitted from main47 to pipe 65 flows through treadle valve 31 and pipe 30 to the innerends of cylinders 27 and 17 5, with the result that cam plates 25 and174 are moved from the position shown in Fig.

37 to that shown in Fig. 3,- thereby closing position E.

Blowing mechanism. cooperatz'ng with blow m0ltls. Referring to Figs. 2and 37,

the blowing head 180 is secured to the lowerend of the tubular pistonrod 181, the latter being provided with piston 182 in cylinder 183, andthis cylinder may be adjustably supported oncolumn 5 by bracket 184.Depending from and movable vertically in head 180 is the tubular nipple185 which is lowered by piston 182 adapted to register with and rest onneck mold 14. This seating movement of nipple 185 raises and opens valve186, thereby passing compressed air from tubular piston rod 181 into theblank for blowing the same into final form. The air which accomplishesthis blowing is conducted from main 47 through branch pipe 187 to theupper end of piston rod 181.

For raising and lowering the blowing head, air is supplied to the lowerend of cylinder 183 through pipe 188 which is a branch of pipe 111, andto the upper end of said cylinder through pipe 189. which is a branch ofpipe 115, Fig. 37. Compressed air is normally in communication with thelower end of the cylinder through pipe 188, and this ing air throughpipe 115 to the top of cylinder 105 for lowering the blank mold clo- Iblank mold closure and the blow mold blowing head 186 and for raisingsaid parts from their operative positions, the result being that theylower and raise in unison, performing their respective mold cooperatingfunctions when the molds and mold carriers are at rest.

The piping for the various air circuits is shown complete only inthediagram of Fig. 37, although-much is shown in other views, notably Figs.1, 2, 3 and 6, and with the terminals of'the various ipes shown in thedetail views it is believed the construction and operation may bereadily understood. The

' tubular columns 8 and 5 provide conduits said mechanism. motion forrepositioning the several molds for such of the air pipes as connect themechanisms above and below the rotatable mold carriers so that suchpipes do not interfere with the movement of the carriers, also they arekept out of the way of the operators.

General 0pemti0n.Assuming the ma chine to be at a standstill betweenintermittent movements of carriers 2 and 3, the following operations arein'progress: A blank mold, charged by the preceding operation ofposition A, is at position B where closure 15 is lowered on the mold, asin Fig. 5, and, successively, the glass is packed in the mold, theinitial cavity is formed by plunger 130, nipple 128 is manipulated asdescribed, the blank is expanded as in Fig. 5, and the blank moldclosure 15 is raised clear of the mold as in Fig. 4=. Ablank formed bythese operations is transferred at position G to a blow mold at positionD, the treadle valves 31 and 17 7 being operated in connection with thistransfer, as above described; a final blowing operation is proceeding atposition E; a blown bottle is being removed at position F and -a chargeof molten glass is being placed in a blank mold at position A, and theoperation of valve 35 by the gathering iron or punty used in this moldcharging operation results primarily in operating the shears and instarting the next intermittent movement of the carriers. Also, when thecarriers are at rest the mold table advancing mechanism is returning tothe position shown in Fig. 37 for obtaining a fresh hold on carrier 2,and this backward movement also results in restoring valves 61, 75, and77 to the positions shown in Fig. 37 these valves being immediatelyoperated by When the carriers are in the principal mechanism then inaction is that associated with cylinder '57 and piston rod 55, theforward or carrienadvancing traverse of rod 55 also operating to reversevalves 61, and 77 from the positions shown in Fig. 37. In this generalstatement reference is not made to the movements 1. In a glass formingmachine, the combination of a sectional mold adapted to open and close,a rotatable carrier for presenting the mold successively to charging,forming and discharging positions, means for intermittently rotating thecarrier, forming mechanism, an oscillating cam device movableindependently of the carrier and adapted to hold the mold closed at thecharging and forming positions, and means for oscillating the cam inreverse directions for first openlng and then closing the mold after itpasses from forming position.

2. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a sectional moldadapted to open and close, a rotatable carrier adapted to present'themold successively to charging, forming and discharging positions, areversely movable device having sliding connection with the mold andcommon to the mold in the different positions thereof and adapted tohold it closed at the charging and forming positions, means operativelyadapted to present the molds successively to charging, forming anddischarging positions, a reversely movable device common to the molds inthe difl'erent positions thei'eof and adapted to hold them closed in thecharging and forming positions, means operatively connecting the moldswhen at the discharging position with said device for opening them whensaid device is moved in one direction and for closing them when the de-.vice is moved in an opposite direction, manually controlled means formoving said device in a direction to open the molds for the dischargingposition, and automatically operatingmeans for moving said device in areverse direction to close the molds.

4.-. In a glass formingmachine, the com-- bination of sectional moldsadapted to open and close, a rotatable carrier for moving the moldssuccessively to charging, forming and discharging positions, meansforintermitdevice whereby when the latter is moved in one direction themold is opened and whereby the mold is closed when the cam device 'ismoved in an opposite direction, and means for moving the cam device inreverse directions.

5. In a machine for producing glass bot-l tles, the combination ofhorizontally rotatable blank and blow mold carriers arranged side byside, blank molds on the blank mold carrier and blow molds on the blowmoldv carrier with each blank mold adapted to cooperate with a blow moldduring a blank transferring operation, forming mechanisms adapted tocooperate with the molds, the carriers spaced apart to separate theblank and blow molds sufliciently to provide room at the side of themachine-for manually transferring a blank from a-blank mold to theappropriate blow mold, and gearing meshing with teeth on the spacedcarriers for causing them to move in unison.

6. In a machine for producing glass bottles, the combination ofhorizontally rotatable blank and blow mold carriers arranged side byside, the carriers being circular and provided with peripheral gearteeth and thereby comprising large gear wheels,blank molds on the blankmold carrier and blow molds on the blow mold carrier with each blankmold adapted to cooperate with a blow mold during a blank transferringoperation, forming mechanisms adapted to co-' operate with the molds,the carriers spaced apartto separate the blank and blow moldssufficiently to provide room at the side of the machine for manuallytransferring a blank from the blank mold to the appropriate blow mold,and gearing. interposed between and meshing with the spaced carriers forcausing them to rotate in unison.

. 7 In a machine for producing glass bottles, the combination ofhorizontally rotatable blank and blow mold carriers arranged side byside, a circular series of blank molds mounted on the blank mold carrierwith said molds arranged to form bottle blanks in inverted position, acircular series of blow molds mounted on the blow mold carrier with saidmolds arranged for blowing bottle blanks with their. neck endsuppermost, forming mechanisms adapted to cooperate with said molds, eachblank mold adapted to cooperate with a blow mold during a blanktransferring operation, the carriers spaced apart to separate the blankand blow molds sufliciently to provide room at the side of the machinefor manually transferring a blank from a blank mold to a blow mold andfor inverting it during such transfer, and gearmittin compressed air tothe top ing meshing with teeth on the spaced carriers for causing themto move in unison.

8. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a carrier, anopen-bottom. mold mounted thereon and movable thereby to and from theforming position, a housing secured to the carrier beneath the mold, avertically movable plunger and a vertically movable plunger-embracingnipple movable in the housing toward and from the bottom of the mold,automatic means for actuating the nipple and plunger when the mold is informing position, the housing formed with a port open at its outer endto receive an air connection and at its inner end in controlledcommunication with the mold through the medium of the nipple, acompressed air conducting head movably mounted at the forming positionto register with said port, and means for controlling the flow ofcompressed air through the head.

9. In a glass forming machine, the com bination of a mold carrier, anopen-bottom mold mounted thereon and movable thereby to and from formingposition, a housing mounted on the carrier beneath the mold, a

tubular laterally ported nipple movable in tomatic actuating meansoperative when the mold is in forming position, a housing formed with aport adapted at its outer end to receive an air connection and at itsinner end adapted to register with the lateral port of the-nipple-whenthe latter is in lo'wered position, a compressed air conducting headmovably mounted at the-forming position to register with said port, andmeans for controlling thefiow of compressed air through the head.

10. In a, glass forming machine, the combination of a mold carrier, anopen-bottom mold mounted thereon and movable thereby to and from formingposition,.a vertically movable plunger beneath the mold,plungeractuating means, a vertically movable spring-raised nipplenormally in operative which the nipple is brought into operativerelation at such position.

11. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a carrier, a moldmounted thereon and movable thereby to and from forming position, andthe following described mold cooperating means, viz., means for adof themold or packing the glass therein, a plunger and a plunger-embracingnipple cooperating with the bottom of the mold and actuating means forthe plunger and nipple operative after the glass has been packed, meansfor admitting compressed air into the LED bottom of the mold followingthe operation of the plunger, and means for automatically actuating saidseveral parts when the mold is in forming position for accomplishing thedescribed operations thereof.

12. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a mold, a plunger anda plungerembracing nipple movable vertically with the seating movementof the closure, a compressed air connection for the closure means,

a receiver to which compressed air is admitted simultaneously withseating the closure, and air pressure actuated means operated upon theattainment of predetermined pressure in the receiver for shutting offthe supply of compressed air flowing to the closure means.

14. In a glass forming machine, the combination of an open-top mold,ported mold closure means, a source of compressed air'in communicationwith the mold closure means, a valve for controlling the passage ofcompressed air through the mold closure into the mold, a cylinder andpiston for moving the closure means relatively to the mold, means forshutting off the supply of compressed air to the mold closure means, areceiver, a pressure valve controlling communication between thereceiver and said last mentioned means, and an air supply common to thecylinder for seating the 010- sure and to said receiver.

15. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a carrier, a moldmounted thereon and movable therebyto and from forming position, carrieractuating mechanism, compressed air actuated forming means operative atsaid forming position and 006 erating with the lower end of the mold,va. ves

actuated by the carrier actuating mechanism when the carrier is at restfor controlling the operations of said forming means, a verticallymovable closure for the top of the mold, compressed air actuated meansoperative at said forming position for control ling the movement of theclosure, and valve devices operated by the carrier actuating mechanismfor controlling the last mentioned compressed a1r actuating means.

16. In a glass forming machine, the combination of horizontallyrotatable blank and blow mold carriers, gearing connecting the carriersfor moving them in unison, carrier actuating means, sectional blankmolds mounted on the blank mold carrier, sectional blow molds mounted onthe blow mold Ct rrier, a transferable neck mold adapted to cooperateinterchangeably with the blank and blow molds, and compressed airactuated means common to the blank and blow molds for opening andclosing them.

17. In a glass forming machine, the combination of horizontallyrotatable blank and blow mold carriers, gearing connecting the carriersfor moving them in unison, carrier actuating means, sectional blankmolds mounted on the blank mold carrier, sectional blow molds mounted onthe blow mold carrier, a transferable neck mold adapted to cooperateinterchangeably with the blank and blow molds, compressed air actuatedmechanism for opening and closing the blank molds, compressed airactuated mechanism for opening and closing the blow molds, a source ofcompressed air for actuating the blank and blow molds simultaneously inone direction, means for automatically controlling the flow of air tosaid source, and separately operated manually controlled devices foradmitting air to said mold operating devices for actuating them in areverse direction.

18. In a glass forming machine, the combination of horizontallyrotatable blank and blow mold carriers, gearing connecting the carriepsfor moving them in unison, arrier actuating means, sectional blank moldsmounted in a circular series on the blank mold carrier, an oscillatingcompressed air actuated cam device operatively connected to the blankmolds for opening and closing them, sectional blow molds mounted in acircular series on the blow mold carrier, an oscillating compressed airactuated cam device operatively connected to the blow molds for closingthem, a source of compressed air common to said compressed air actuateddevices for moving them in one direction, automatic means forcontrolling the flow of air through such source, and separately operateddevices for controlling the flow of air to said compressed air devicesfor actuating them in a reverse direction. 7

19. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a carrier, anopen-end mold mounted thereon, an air admitting device adapted tocohperate with the mold, means for admitting compressed air through saiddevice to the mold, a timing tank to which compressed air is admitted,means actuated by compressed air delivered from the timing tank forshutting ofl' the supply of air to the mold, and a pressure valvecontrolling the discharge of compressed air from said tank.

. ceiver, a pressure valve interposed between the receiver and saidcompressed air actuated means for passing air to the latter upon theattainment of predetermined pressure in the receiver, and a source ofcompressed air common to the receiver and to the valved mold closure.

21. In a glass forming machine, the combination of blank and blow moldcarriers geared together for simultaneous movement, blank and blow moldsmounted on the respective carriers, mechanical power means adapted tointermittently advance the carriers, one of the blank molds being incharging position and one of the blow molds in blowing position when thecarriers are at rest, automatlcally operating blowing mechanism at theblowing position for coopcrating with the successive blow molds, au-

tomatically operating blank forming devices adapted to cooperate withthe blank molds, starting means for the carrier advancing mechanism, andmeans controlled by the carrier advancing mechanism for timing theoperation of the forming devices that cooperate with the blank molds andfor timing the operation of the blowing means.

22. In a glass forming machine, the combination of a mold carrierrotatable about a vertical axis, sectional molds mounted on the -ment ofthe carrier.

23. In a machine for producing glass bot tles, the combination ofhorizontally rotatable blank and blow mold carriers spaced apart,gearing interposed between and meshing with teeth on the spaced carriersfor causing them to rotate in unison, sectional blank and blow moldsmounted on the respective carriers with the spacing apart of thecarriers providing sufficient room at the side of the machine formanually transferring a blank from a blank mold to the appropriate blowmold, means common tothe blank molds for opening the latter to releasethe blanks at the blank transferring position and for closing said moldsafter the blanks have been removed, means common to the blow molds forpermitting the latter to open to receive the blanks and to open fordischarging the blown articles, said last mentioned means operating toclose the blow molds between the blank receiving and article dischargingoperations, blank vforming means adapted to cooperate with the blankmolds, and blowing means adapted to cooperate with the blow molds,

- In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

FRANK ONEILL.

' Witnesses C. E. MONROE, D. W. Moon.

